The KMS timeouts almost make me wonder if the graphics chip is snorting some sort of crack.
Just to be safe, maybe try booting a live USB and see what happens. To be very sure, you could even try multiple distro/DE combos on the live disk.
If it’s RAM, it should be easily replaceable on a laptop of that age. If it’s the graphics chip, then it’s probably time to find some other laptop. You can probably still press this to service in a homelab, though.
I don’t use the quick copy and paste on my Thinkpad because it’s so easy to accidentally trigger. I use it more often on my desktop, though.